Four-Cornered Hat: A Symbol of Power and Identity

Textiles were extremely important objects for ancient Peruvians. Clothing, with its textures, colors, and symbols, not only protected their bodies but also reflected their beliefs and identities. Wari rulers adorned themselves with beautiful tapestry tunics and a little hat on their heads. One notable and unique type of Wari headgear is the four-cornered hat, characterized by a square crown, four sides, and pointed tips at each corner. The elite visually reinforced their status and role within their community by wearing these hats. The ceremonial significance of these hats is evident in their frequent portrayal of ceramics, which showcases high-ranking individuals adorned with them alongside other symbols of prestige, such as elaborate textiles and large ear ornaments. These garments, often enhanced with complex face paint, create a striking and impressive appearance. A remarkable example of a four-cornered hat, discovered at Castillo de Huarmey, showcases the mastery of Wari elite artisans. This hat was made from camelid fibers, carefully spun into yarns, and dyed in vibrant hues. The hat is adorned with stylized imagery, including profile bird heads and wings, which exemplifies the Wari’s visual aesthetic in their ceremonial attire.

Roberto Pimentel Nita